hicpp-exception-baseclass

Ensure that every value that in a throw expression is an instance of std::exception.

This enforces rule 15.1 of the High Integrity C++ Coding Standard.

class custom_exception {};

void throwing() noexcept(false) {
  // Problematic throw expressions.
  throw int(42);
  throw custom_exception();
}

class mathematical_error : public std::exception {};

void throwing2() noexcept(false) {
  // These kind of throws are ok.
  throw mathematical_error();
  throw std::runtime_error();
  throw std::exception();
}